Alterations of medial prefrontal cortex bioelectrical activity in experimental model of isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction

Background Clinical and animal studies have found that anxiety and depression are significantly more common after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) has a dual role: in higher brain functions and in cardiovascular control, making it a logical candidate for explaining the perceived bidirectional heart-brain connection. We used parallel Electrocardiography (ECG) and Electrocorticography (ECoG) registration to investigate AMI-induced changes in medial PFC bioelectrical activity in a rat model of AMI. Materials and methods Adult male Wistar albino rats were used in the study. Gold-plated recording electrodes were implanted over the frontal cortex for ECoG recording. ECG was recorded via two holter electrodes attached on the skin of the back fixed in place by a jacket. Induction of AMI was performed by isoprenaline (150 mg/kg, i.p.). ECoG and ECG signals were registered at baseline, during 3 hours after isoprenaline administration and at 24 hours after isoprenaline administration. Results Significant increases of theta, alpha, and beta electroencephalographic (EEG) band power were observed in different time intervals after isoprenaline administration. Significant increase of theta band peak frequency was also observed during the first hour after isoprenaline administration. No statistically significant differences in band-power activity were found between the pre-isoprenaline measurements and 24 hours after administration. Conclusion Our results demonstrate significant increases in EEG band power of alpha beta and theta bands during isoprenaline-induced AMI model. These are the first findings to connect heart damage during isoprenaline- induced AMI to disturbances in the cortical bioelectrical activity. © 2020 Vorkapić et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.The study was supported by Ministry of Science Education and Technological Development of Serbia, Grant No. 175032 and 175016. The TECNALIA provided support in the form of salary for author MI, but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific roles of this author are articulated in the ‘author contributions’ section. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

Upravljanje mernom opremom pri maloserijskoj proizvodnji

Successfully managing in laboratory only depends on the personnel and equipment used in special use. The laboratory must have the necessary equipment which must be regularly calibrated. Employees must be completely familiar with the testing methodology, they must know the document the quality system, to be familiar with the rules of the laboratory. The paper describes the procedure by which a monitor measuring equipment operating in the manufacturing process. .Uspešno upravljanje laboratorijom isključivo zavisi od kadra i opreme koja se koristi u namenske svrhe. Laboratorija mora da ima neophodnu opremu koja mora biti redovno etalonirana. Zaposleni moraju biti potpuno upoznati sa metodologijom ispitivanja, moraju da poznaju dokumenta sistema kvaliteta, da budu upoznati sa pravilima rada u laboratoriji. U radu je opisana procedura kojom se prati rukovanje mernom opremom u procesu proizvodnje.

Upravljanje mernom opremom pri maloserijskoj proizvodnji

Successfully managing in laboratory only depends on the personnel and equipment used in special use. The laboratory must have the necessary equipment which must be regularly calibrated. Employees must be completely familiar with the testing methodology, they must know the document the quality system, to be familiar with the rules of the laboratory. The paper describes the procedure by which a monitor measuring equipment operating in the manufacturing process. .Uspešno upravljanje laboratorijom isključivo zavisi od kadra i opreme koja se koristi u namenske svrhe. Laboratorija mora da ima neophodnu opremu koja mora biti redovno etalonirana. Zaposleni moraju biti potpuno upoznati sa metodologijom ispitivanja, moraju da poznaju dokumenta sistema kvaliteta, da budu upoznati sa pravilima rada u laboratoriji. U radu je opisana procedura kojom se prati rukovanje mernom opremom u procesu proizvodnje.

Heart rate variability processing in epilepsy: The role in detection and prediction of seizures and SUDEP

Epilepsy is a very prevalent neurological disorder. The gold standard in diagnosis of epilepsy is the EEG signal recorded during a seizure with characteristic ictal pattern. Automated systems for detection of seizures are a field of intensive research, in an attempt to create a reproducible, observer-independent mechanism for epilepsy diagnosis. Chronic therapy is a cornerstone of the epilepsy treatment, but the possibility to predict seizure onset and, consequently, to act with medications right before the seizure, instead of relying on everyday medications, is considered the holy grail of epilepsy research. Significant element of morbidity and mortality in epilepsy is sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) that occurs in roughly 1% of patients. Signal analysis techniques for EEG have been a staple in epilepsy research, but recently, with the rise of telemetric systems, heart rate variability (HRV) analysis derived from the ECG signal has been gaining importance. It has been found that perturbations in autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulation occur during, and even up to several minutes before, seizure onset allowing for changes in HRV to act in prediction, as well as detection, of seizures. Also, there is a compelling research exploring the extent of autonomic disbalance during seizures, as well as in the interictal periods in patients at risk for or that have had SUDEP. The focus of this review is to give a short crossection of research involving the utility HRV has in prediction and detection of seizure onset, as well as determining etiology classification and risk evaluation in SUDEP

Značaj reproizvodnje u proizvodnji transmitera

This paper presents a algorithm for the improvement of the manufacturing process developed and tested for small-scale enterprise. The validity of the algorithm can be seen through: defining basic elements, defining environmental factors, the importance of resources, and the analysis of input and output in the manufacturing process. The algorithm incorporates implemented strategies: remanufacturing and 4Rs. The paper analyzed the temperature transmitter at the end of its life circle. Reuse transmitter is realized through: checking, disassembly, replacement parts, cleaning, re-assembling and testing. The work provides an example of how to save energy and materials which appear as large losses in the manufacturing process.ovom radu prikazan je algoritam za obezbeđenje unapređenja procesa proizvodnje u preduzeću maloserijskog tipa proizvodnje. Verodostojnost algoritma se ogleda kroz: definisanje osnovnih elemenata, definisanje faktora okruženja, značaj resursa, analizu ulaza i izlaza u procesu proizvodnje. Algoritam u sebi sadrži implementirane strategije: reproizovdnju i 4R. U radu analiziran je transmiter temperature na kraju životnog veka. Ponovna upotreba transmitera se realizuje kroz: proveru, rastavljanje, zamenu delova, čišćenje, ponovno sastavljenje i testiranje. Rad daje primer kako uštedeti na materijalu i energiji koji se javljaju kao veliki gubici u procesu proizvodnje

Model za unapređenje ispitivanja transdjusera u maloserijskoj proizvodnji

Research in CMTM improves the development of static characteristic sensors or transducers. Automation of measurements with existing interface gives us the ability to classify and analyze important information about the device we are studying. This paper analyzes the models to improve the measurement process on existing equipment. .Istraživanja u CMTM-u obuhvataju usavršavanje statičkih karakteristika senzora ili transdjusera. Automatizacija procesa merenja na postojećoj aparaturi pruža nam mogućnost da klasifikujemo i analiziramo važne informacije o uređaju koji ispitujemo. U radu su analizirani modeli kako unaprediti proces merenja se stanovišta iskorišćenja postojeće opreme.

Model za unapređenje ispitivanja transdjusera u maloserijskoj proizvodnji

Research in CMTM improves the development of static characteristic sensors or transducers. Automation of measurements with existing interface gives us the ability to classify and analyze important information about the device we are studying. This paper analyzes the models to improve the measurement process on existing equipment. .Istraživanja u CMTM-u obuhvataju usavršavanje statičkih karakteristika senzora ili transdjusera. Automatizacija procesa merenja na postojećoj aparaturi pruža nam mogućnost da klasifikujemo i analiziramo važne informacije o uređaju koji ispitujemo. U radu su analizirani modeli kako unaprediti proces merenja se stanovišta iskorišćenja postojeće opreme.

Preparation and mechanical characterization of copper thin films with additives on alloy substrates

Thin copper films have various application in the electronic industry for the fabrication of contacts in integrated circuits. Copper electroplating has been widely employed for fabricating the wires of printed circuit boards (PCBs) , sidewall metallization of the microvia and through hole in the fabrication of multilayer PCBs [1] . Along with electrodeposited thin Ni films, they may be considered as laminate composite structures with good mechanical properties such as high hardness and tensile strength, which is especially important for the MEMS structures fabrication [2-4]

Wettability of electrodeposited copper films and correlation with morphology and surface chemistry

In this study, different forms of copper films were electrodeposited (ED) on silicon wafer, copper and brass foils. The effect of monocrystalline Si(111) surface cleaning method and electrodeposition conditions and regimes (frequency in the pulsating current (PC) regime, an addition of additives in electrolyte for the constant galvanostatic (DC) regime, and thickness) on surface morphology and wettability of copper films was investigated. Optical microscopy equipped with highresolution camera, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and an atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used for thin film characterization and to evaluate wettability of copper films. The sessile drop method was used for the measurement of water contact angle. According to the obtained results, choice of electrolyte used in ED greatly affects wettability of copper films. It was also shown that copper films electrodeposited from basic sulfate electrolyte with varying current regimes frequencies, thicknesses, and cathode types have opposite trends between roughness parameter values and the water contact angle value. Structural-morphological changes of a film or bulk solid surface are key parameters in determining wettability properties and the analysis of the wetting angle oscillations, but not the only one

Synthesis and characterization of thin copper coatings obtained by sonoelectrodeposition method

Influence of an intensity of ultrasonic mixing of electrolyte in a temperature range of 27–37 °C and ultrasonic power intensity in the range of 3.77–18.84 W/cm2 (10–50 %) on a synthesis of fine-grained copper deposits was examined. Copper coatings were electrodeposited on a brass substrate in direct current (DC) regime with an applied current density of 50 mA·cm-2. The laboratory-made copper sulfate electrolyte was used without or with addition of additives. The variation of temperature under sonoelectrodeposition process and variation mixing intensity of electrolyte were ensured by using an ultrasonic probe. The produced Cu coatings were examined by optical microscope (OM) in order to observe the microstructural modification with variation ultrasonic parameters and for measuring imprints of Vickers indenter. The micro hardness properties of composite systems were characterized using Vickers micro indentation test. The composite hardness models Chicot-Lesage and Chen-Gao were used for the determination the coatings hardness and adhesion evaluation. Application of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) technique also confirmed the strong influence of ultrasonic mixing conditions of electrolyte onto change of the microstructure of copper deposits and surface roughness of the coatings. The maximum hardness, good adhesion properties and minimum micro surface roughness was obtained for the fine-grained Cu coating produced with amplitude of 50 % ultrasonic mixing of electrolyte without additives and 30 % for electrolyte with additives